{"id":4280,"date":"2021-10-02T12:24:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-02T12:24:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/?p=4280"},"modified":"2021-10-02T12:52:27","modified_gmt":"2021-10-02T12:52:27","slug":"carbohydrates-definition-types-structure-examples","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/carbohydrates-definition-types-structure-examples\/","title":{"rendered":"Carbohydrates: Definition, Types, Structure, &#038; Examples"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4280\" class=\"elementor elementor-4280\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7916d920 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7916d920\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7b37bb7b\" data-id=\"7b37bb7b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ca6cdb1 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"7ca6cdb1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h1&quot;,&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;,&quot;h4&quot;,&quot;h5&quot;],&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:0,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;far fa-check-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-regular&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__7ca6cdb1\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-down\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__7ca6cdb1\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-up\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__7ca6cdb1\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-12d202f6\" data-id=\"12d202f6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2cc6dedc elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2cc6dedc\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-63f15171\" data-id=\"63f15171\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-798873af elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"798873af\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">What are Carbohydrates?<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1bee22fe elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1bee22fe\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-597af0bb\" data-id=\"597af0bb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36f6dbc3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36f6dbc3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Carbohydrates are carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen-based macromolecules. Cn (H<sub>2<\/sub>O) n is the generic formula for carbohydrates. Sugars or saccharides are the popular names for them. Carbohydrates serve a spread of functions in living organisms. They serve as an energy source and aid in energy transit in animals. They also serve as structural elements in plants and insects.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-633b353e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"633b353e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b3db7a7\" data-id=\"b3db7a7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2200e6f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2200e6f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Carbohydrates Types<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3423ac24 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3423ac24\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-30de968c\" data-id=\"30de968c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-149267e1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"149267e1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides are the four kinds of carbohydrates. Growth, development, fertilization, blood coagulation, and immunity are all aided by saccharides and their derivatives. Carbohydrates are stored in a cell as glycogen. Carbohydrates are covered in this course in terms of their kinds, features, examples, and applications.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-dd6be82 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"dd6be82\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6b351530\" data-id=\"6b351530\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7211b50d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7211b50d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">i. Monosaccharides<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7c9f7631 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7c9f7631\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1d80f0f2\" data-id=\"1d80f0f2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e75ac71 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e75ac71\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Monosaccharides have three to seven carbon atoms and are the most basic type of carbohydrates. With two or more hydroxyl groups, they are aldehydes (aldose) or ketones (ketose).<\/p><p><strong>Monosaccharides Characteristics:<\/strong> Monosaccharides can&#8217;t be broken down or hydrolyzed into smaller pieces. They have optical activity because they can rotate light in a clockwise or anticlockwise manner (D or dextro) (L or laevo). These two forms are referred to as isomers, and they appear to be mirror reflections of one another. Monosaccharides are often found during a sort of forms.<\/p><p><strong>Monosaccharides Examples:<\/strong> Glucose, fructose, galactose, xylose, and ribose are samples of monosaccharides.<\/p><p><strong>Glucose:<\/strong> A cell&#8217;s primary source of energy is glucose. The term &#8220;blood sugar&#8221; refers to the presence of glucose within the blood.<\/p><p><strong> Fructose:<\/strong> Fructose is usually found in fruits and vegetables.<\/p><p><strong>Galactose:<\/strong> Galactose may be a sugar found in milk and other dairy products.<\/p><p><strong> Xylose:<\/strong> Xylose is a five-carbon aldopentose monosaccharide that is also employed as a diagnostic agent in veterinary medicine to evaluate malabsorption.<\/p><p><strong>Ribose:<\/strong> Ribose is a pentose sugar that the body produces. It&#8217;s a type of medication. Monosaccharides such as glucose and fructose are the most prevalent.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-556c14fa elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"556c14fa\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-25e59eee\" data-id=\"25e59eee\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-914ee3f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"914ee3f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Carbohydrates and Glycosidic Bond<\/h4>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-46134149 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"46134149\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-563c88c9\" data-id=\"563c88c9\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5572c0a1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5572c0a1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The condensation process between a sugar and the -OH group of a second molecule, which may or may not be the sugar, forms a glycosidic link. There are two sorts of glycosidic bonds: O- glycosidic bond (-C-0- C) and N- glycosidic bond (-C-0- C) (-C-N-C).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-12bb96c9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"12bb96c9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2577b06d\" data-id=\"2577b06d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-674f57e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"674f57e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">ii. Disaccharides<\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-65ba13af elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"65ba13af\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-33d4cb9a\" data-id=\"33d4cb9a\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ffe99e9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3ffe99e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Disaccharides are produced when two monosaccharide units join by dehydration synthesis, which removes a tiny molecule from the functional groups, such as water.<\/p><p><strong>Disaccharides Examples:<\/strong> Disaccharides are a kind of sugar that is made up of two or more sugar. Lactose (glucose + galactose), sucrose (glucose + fructose), and maltose (glucose + glucose) are examples of disaccharides.<\/p><p><strong> Lactose:<\/strong> Lactose is that the primary sugar found in milk and dairy products.<\/p><p><strong>Sucrose:<\/strong> It&#8217;s also referred to as &#8220;table sugar.&#8221; It&#8217;s a kind of sugar that may be found in sugarcane, certain fruits and vegetables, as well as cereal, ice cream, baked sweets, and yoghurt.<\/p><p><strong>Maltose:<\/strong> Maltose is also known as &#8220;malt sugar&#8221; and is made up of two glucose molecules. It may be found in cereals containing barley as well as malt beverages like malted milkshakes and beer.<\/p><p><strong>Lactose Intolerance:<\/strong> Lactose intolerance is a digestive disorder in which patients experience bloating, diarrhea, and gas after consuming milk or milk products. Lactose intolerance are often caused by lactose intolerance or lactose malabsorption. Lactose intolerance isn&#8217;t an equivalent as milk allergy. The latter is a result of the immune system&#8217;s response to one or more milk proteins. A severe allergic response to milk might be fatal. Lactose intolerance is more frequent in adolescence or adulthood, whereas milk allergy is more common in the first year of life.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-1eff5e3b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"1eff5e3b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2c87d9c6\" data-id=\"2c87d9c6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b7fcc2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6b7fcc2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">iii. Oligosaccharides<\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-485cd426 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"485cd426\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4b64a2f3\" data-id=\"4b64a2f3\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7a30d090 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7a30d090\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Three to ten monosaccharide units make up oligosaccharides. They give out monosaccharide units when hydrolyzed, which might be identical or different. Oligosaccharides include C<sub>18<\/sub>H<sub>32<\/sub>O<sub>16<\/sub> trisaccharide\u2019s such as Raffinose, maltotriose, and stachyose (tetra saccharides).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-66c08671 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"66c08671\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4e323352\" data-id=\"4e323352\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6685c638 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6685c638\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">iv. Polysaccharides<\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6c14fc85 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6c14fc85\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5f81d5df\" data-id=\"5f81d5df\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-733e1450 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"733e1450\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Polysaccharides are made up of more than 10 monosaccharide units that are linked together by glycosidic linkages to form a chain-like structure. The chain might be<\/p><ul><li>Branched, with molecules that resemble branches.<\/li><li>Non-branched, in which the molecules are arranged in a straight line<\/li><\/ul><p>These are generally amorphous, tasteless, sugar-free, and water insoluble.<\/p><p><strong> Polysaccharide Examples:<\/strong> Polysaccharides can take the form of structural (cellulose, hemicellulose, pectic compounds, chitin, gum, mucilage, etc.) or storage (starch, inulin, glycogen, etc.) polysaccharides.<\/p><p><strong> Glycogen:<\/strong> Humans and animals both store glycogen in their livers and muscles.<\/p><p><strong>Starch:<\/strong> These are glucose polymers made up of amylose and amylopectin, which are made up of amylose and amylopectin.<\/p><p><strong> Cellulose:<\/strong> Cellulose is the most common organic molecule on the planet and one of the most important structural components of plants. The majority of cellulose is found in wood, paper, and cotton.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4f95a26e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4f95a26e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e767359\" data-id=\"e767359\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a1228f7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2a1228f7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Carbohydrates Applications<\/h5>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c46c97c elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c46c97c\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7bf27248\" data-id=\"7bf27248\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14aa9741 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"14aa9741\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Oligosaccharides and polysaccharides are crucial in a number of cell signaling pathways in addition to their functions in energy storage and cell structure development. For example, oligosaccharides are commonly associated with proteins and act as indicators for transporting proteins to the cell surface or incorporating them into various subcellular compartments.<\/p><p>They also serve as cell surface indicators, with essential functions in cell identification and cell-cell interactions in multicellular organisms&#8217; tissues. Carbohydrates provide the body with energy.<\/p><p>Glucose is a simple sugar that may be found in a variety of everyday meals. During the process of cellular respiration, glucose is broken down for immediate energy, resulting in the production of ATP, the cell&#8217;s energy currency.<\/p><p>Monosaccharides are simple sugars with three to seven carbon atoms which will be found in either a linear chain or a ring-shaped molecule. When two monosaccharides are bound together by a covalent connection, a disaccharide is produced.<\/p><p>The most prevalent disaccharide is sucrose (table sugar), which is formed from the monomer\u2019s glucose and fructose. Fructose, on the other hand, is made up of a single unit of glucose and galactose.<\/p><p>A polysaccharide could also be an extended chain of monosaccharides joined together by glycosidic linkages; the chain are often branched or unbranched, and it can comprise a selection of monosaccharides. Lactose intolerance is a disorder that causes digestive difficulties in people who consume milk or eat milk products.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-19f94dc7 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"19f94dc7\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-226ffc2f\" data-id=\"226ffc2f\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10d3c805 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"10d3c805\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\"><a href=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/what-is-sucrose-definition-structure-examples\/\"><br>What is Sucrose? Definition, Structure, &amp; Examples<\/a><\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5bed07c2\" data-id=\"5bed07c2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-660e79aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"660e79aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/what-is-sucrose-definition-structure-examples\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"611\" height=\"289\" src=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Sucrose-What-is-Sucrose.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-4218\" alt=\"Sucrose, What is Sucrose,\" srcset=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Sucrose-What-is-Sucrose.jpg 611w, https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Sucrose-What-is-Sucrose-300x142.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 611px) 100vw, 611px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7f47c6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7f47c6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-bfce6cb\" data-id=\"bfce6cb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79235bff elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"79235bff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6c934f5d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6c934f5d\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-1b9d0318\" data-id=\"1b9d0318\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87a5cb5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"87a5cb5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Carbohydrates Citations <\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2ee4773b elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2ee4773b\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-64213dd7\" data-id=\"64213dd7\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-16df82df elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"16df82df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23846824\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The use of carbohydrates during exercise as an ergogenic aid. Sports Med . 2013 Nov;43(11):1139-55.<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25667011\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Carbohydrates. Top Curr Chem . 2015;364:299-333.<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26702928\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Carbohydrates in Supramolecular Chemistry. Chem Rev . 2016 Feb 24;116(4):1693-752.<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-bbef761 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"bbef761\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7c5f91a0\" data-id=\"7c5f91a0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3b2a271b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3b2a271b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Share<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-34f43ca2\" data-id=\"34f43ca2\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f2ddabd elementor-share-buttons--view-icon elementor-share-buttons--shape-circle elementor-share-buttons--align-center elementor-share-buttons--skin-gradient elementor-grid-0 elementor-share-buttons--color-official elementor-widget elementor-widget-share-buttons\" data-id=\"1f2ddabd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"share-buttons.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_facebook\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-label=\"Share on facebook\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fab fa-facebook\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_twitter\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-label=\"Share on twitter\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fab fa-twitter\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_linkedin\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-label=\"Share on linkedin\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fab fa-linkedin\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_pinterest\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-label=\"Share on pinterest\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fab fa-pinterest\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_reddit\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-label=\"Share on reddit\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fab fa-reddit\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_tumblr\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-label=\"Share on tumblr\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fab fa-tumblr\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_telegram\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-label=\"Share on telegram\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fab fa-telegram\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_whatsapp\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-label=\"Share on whatsapp\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fab fa-whatsapp\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-grid-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"elementor-share-btn elementor-share-btn_email\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\trole=\"button\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttabindex=\"0\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-label=\"Share on email\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-share-btn__icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"fas fa-envelope\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-47a29ad9 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"47a29ad9\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5086ffdb\" data-id=\"5086ffdb\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d616067 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4d616067\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-151ac40a elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"151ac40a\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-79682916\" data-id=\"79682916\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22ab8fff elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"22ab8fff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-medium\">Related Post<\/h6>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section 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data-settings=\"{&quot;classic_columns&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;classic_columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;classic_row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:35,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;classic_row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"posts.classic\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-posts-container elementor-posts elementor-posts--skin-classic elementor-grid\">\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-12300 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-postdoc tag-postdoc-position entry has-media\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/11-postdoctoral-jobs-at-delft-university-of-technology-tu-delft-netherlands\/\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1166\" height=\"648\" src=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Delft-University-of-Technology-Netherlands.jpg\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536 wp-image-11494\" alt=\"Delft University of Technology, Netherlands\" srcset=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Delft-University-of-Technology-Netherlands.jpg 1166w, https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Delft-University-of-Technology-Netherlands-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Delft-University-of-Technology-Netherlands-1024x569.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Delft-University-of-Technology-Netherlands-768x427.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1166px) 100vw, 1166px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/11-postdoctoral-jobs-at-delft-university-of-technology-tu-delft-netherlands\/\">\n\t\t\t\t11 Postdoctoral Jobs at Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Netherlands\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h6>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/11-postdoctoral-jobs-at-delft-university-of-technology-tu-delft-netherlands\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about 11 Postdoctoral Jobs at Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Netherlands\" tabindex=\"-1\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-12294 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-phd-programs tag-fully-funded-phd tag-phd-programs entry has-media\">\n\t\t\t\t<a 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class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536 wp-image-12017\" alt=\"University of California, Los Angeles, California\" srcset=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/University-of-California-Los-Angeles-California.jpg 1166w, https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/University-of-California-Los-Angeles-California-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/University-of-California-Los-Angeles-California-1024x569.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/University-of-California-Los-Angeles-California-768x427.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1166px) 100vw, 1166px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/09-postdoctoral-jobs-at-university-of-california-los-angeles-california\/\">\n\t\t\t\t09 Postdoctoral Jobs at University of California, Los Angeles, 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src=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Umea-University-Sweden.jpg\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536 wp-image-11437\" alt=\"Ume\u00e5 University, Sweden\" srcset=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Umea-University-Sweden.jpg 1166w, https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Umea-University-Sweden-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Umea-University-Sweden-1024x571.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Umea-University-Sweden-768x428.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1166px) 100vw, 1166px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/04-fully-funded-phd-programs-at-umea-university-umea-sweden\/\">\n\t\t\t\t04 Fully Funded PhD Programs at Ume\u00e5 University, Ume\u00e5, Sweden\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h6>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/04-fully-funded-phd-programs-at-umea-university-umea-sweden\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about 04 Fully Funded PhD Programs at Ume\u00e5 University, Ume\u00e5, Sweden\" tabindex=\"-1\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-56d7cc87 elementor-hidden-desktop elementor-hidden-tablet elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"56d7cc87\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-73478494\" data-id=\"73478494\" 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https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Delft-University-of-Technology-Netherlands-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Delft-University-of-Technology-Netherlands-1024x569.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Delft-University-of-Technology-Netherlands-768x427.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1166px) 100vw, 1166px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/11-postdoctoral-jobs-at-delft-university-of-technology-tu-delft-netherlands\/\">\n\t\t\t\t11 Postdoctoral Jobs at Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Netherlands\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h6>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/11-postdoctoral-jobs-at-delft-university-of-technology-tu-delft-netherlands\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about 11 Postdoctoral Jobs at Delft University of Technology (TU 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100vw, 1166px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/09-postdoctoral-jobs-at-university-of-california-los-angeles-california\/\">\n\t\t\t\t09 Postdoctoral Jobs at University of California, Los Angeles, California\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h6>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/09-postdoctoral-jobs-at-university-of-california-los-angeles-california\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about 09 Postdoctoral Jobs at University of California, Los Angeles, California\" tabindex=\"-1\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<article class=\"elementor-post elementor-grid-item post-11757 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-phd-programs tag-fully-funded-phd tag-phd-programs entry has-media\">\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail__link\" href=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/04-fully-funded-phd-programs-at-umea-university-umea-sweden\/\" tabindex=\"-1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__thumbnail\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1166\" height=\"650\" src=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Umea-University-Sweden.jpg\" class=\"attachment-1536x1536 size-1536x1536 wp-image-11437\" alt=\"Ume\u00e5 University, Sweden\" srcset=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Umea-University-Sweden.jpg 1166w, https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Umea-University-Sweden-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Umea-University-Sweden-1024x571.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/Umea-University-Sweden-768x428.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1166px) 100vw, 1166px\" \/><\/div>\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-post__text\">\n\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-post__title\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/04-fully-funded-phd-programs-at-umea-university-umea-sweden\/\">\n\t\t\t\t04 Fully Funded PhD Programs at Ume\u00e5 University, Ume\u00e5, Sweden\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/h6>\n\t\t\n\t\t<a class=\"elementor-post__read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/04-fully-funded-phd-programs-at-umea-university-umea-sweden\/\" aria-label=\"Read more about 04 Fully Funded PhD Programs at Ume\u00e5 University, Ume\u00e5, Sweden\" tabindex=\"-1\" target=\"_blank\">\n\t\t\tRead More \u00bb\t\t<\/a>\n\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/article>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Table of Contents What are Carbohydrates? 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Cn<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4281,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[278],"class_list":["post-4280","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-study-materials","tag-what-are-carbohydrates","entry","has-media"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4280"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4280"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4280\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4281"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4280"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4280"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4280"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}