{"id":4605,"date":"2021-10-03T15:03:19","date_gmt":"2021-10-03T15:03:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/?p=4605"},"modified":"2021-10-03T15:19:18","modified_gmt":"2021-10-03T15:19:18","slug":"what-is-glycosylation-definition-types-examples","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/notesbard.com\/what-is-glycosylation-definition-types-examples\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Glycosylation? Definition, Types, & Examples"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\tTable of Contents\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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Glycosylation Definition<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Glycosylation is a biological reaction in which a glycan binds to a protein, lipid, or other organic molecule, usually by the catalytic action of enzymes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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What is Glycosylation?<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Glycosylation is a chemical process in which a carbohydrate (a glycosyl donor) is linked to a glycosyl acceptor’s hydroxyl or other functional group. Glycosylation is a biochemical process in which a carbohydrate (referred to as a glycan) and other organic molecules are joined with the help of enzymes.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Glycosylation,\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Carbohydrates are one of the most abundant macromolecules in the human body. Proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are the other main macromolecules (e.g. DNA and RNA). Many of these carbohydrates exist as complex molecules that are glycosylated and covalently bonded to another biomolecule.<\/p>

Glycoconjugates are what they’re called. Glycan refers to the carbohydrate component. Glycolipids and glycoproteins are examples of glycoconjugates. A glycosyl attached to a lipid is called a glycolipid, whereas a glycan connected to a protein is called a glycoprotein.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Glycosylation Process<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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The process of glycosylation differs depending on the type of glycosylation. N-linked glycosylation, for example, is a kind of glycosylation in which the glycan is connected to a nitrogen atom in a protein’s asparagine or arginine residue. It is found in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes.<\/p>

O-linked glycosylation occurs when O-linked glycans attach to the hydroxyl oxygen of the serine, threonine, tyrosine, hydroxylysine, or hydroxyproline side chains of a protein. It might also be the method through which O-linked glycans bind to lipid oxygen.<\/p>

This kind of glycosylation occurs in the Golgi apparatus of eukaryotes. The C-linked glycan (a mannose sugar) binds to the carbon on a tryptophan side-chain in C-linked glycosylation.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"Glycosylation,\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Other types of glycosylation include: N-glycosylation and O-glycosylation, which are the most prevalent.<\/p>