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Biotic and Abiotic Factors

It is critical to shape the environment, especially in order to maintain the life cycle. The biotic and abiotic factors are the two most significant elements in forming the ecosystem. They have an impact on organisms’ reproductive as well as their survival. The entire ecosystem will be impacted if one of the components of the biotic and abiotic variables is changed.

Biotic Factor Definition

Biotic is a word that combines the phrases bio and ic. Bio stands for life, and ic stands for liking. As a result, biotic refers to something that is similar to life. It refers to all biological creatures that exist in a certain environment. The existence of biotic agents and their by-products has a significant impact on ecosystem composition.

Biotic Factors Examples

All living things, including people, animals, plants, bacteria, and fungus, are considered biotic factors. They are known as producers, consumers, decomposers, and detritivores in the ecosystem.

Abiotic Factors Definition

It refers to all non-living, physical, and chemical elements that may be found in the ecosystem.

Abiotic Factors Examples

Water, land, sunshine, atmosphere, precipitation, minerals, hydrosphere, and lithosphere are some examples. These are significant because they have a significant influence on the reproduction and survival of the ecosystem’s many species.

Importance of Biotic Factors

1. As previously said, anything that contains life is classified as biotic; the word “bio” itself implies “life.” Humans are the most significant biotic element of all.

2. They have a significant impact on environmental conditions as well as the survival of other creatures. Changes in the global environment have been noted as the globe continues to evolve and technology breakthroughs grow.

3. The ecosystem’s natural equilibrium is disrupted, resulting in changes in climate and other natural events. The carbon cycle, which is a result of the increasing number of companies, factories, and vehicles, is a wonderful example.

4. They produce a lot of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, both of which are bad for the environment.

5. They have a major impact on the air we breathe. Deforestation and urbanisation, among other biotic activity, have wreaked havoc on the environment, particularly in bodies of water and land.

6. These changes have resulted in the widespread extinction of various types of life, contributing to climate change. This demonstrates that, while people are vital components of the ecosystem, they are also the most powerful. They have the power to build or break the chain.

The First Biotic Factors

Cyanobacteria are the first living organisms on the planet. They are a single-celled autotrophic creature that plays an important part in the global ecosystem’s growth. They are in charge of storing solar energy so that it may be utilised to convert inorganic carbon molecules into organic carbon compounds. They’re also important in the creation of oxygen from carbon dioxide. The presence of other species has been enabled by the emission of oxygen.

Importance of Abiotic Factors

1. Abiotic factors come in a variety of forms, each of which plays an essential function in the ecosystem.

2. The pace of metabolic reactions is determined by temperature, which has a direct influence on the survival of biotic components.

3. Keep in mind that when the temperature rises, the rate of enzyme-catalyzed reactions climbs as well, eventually leading to the denaturement of the enzyme. This sort of mechanism can interrupt many chemical processes, impacting the ecosystem’s various forms of living creatures.

4. Changes in temperature can alter the kind of organisms that can thrive in an environment.

5. Light is a component of the abiotic factor. The rate of photosynthesis in producers is influenced by the presence of light.

6. It also has a direct impact on animal breeding cycles. However, other environmental elements such as the water cycle and rainfall are influenced by the availability of sunshine.

7. Any change in one of the abiotic factor’s components might have a significant impact on living creatures as well as the ecosystem’s whole components.

Key Terms in the Study of Biotic and Abiotic Factors
  • Ecology is the study of the interactions between organisms as well as their interactions with the environment.
  • Biotic factors refer to the living creatures that make up the ecosystem. Non-living objects that have a significant influence on live creatures (biotic) and the environment as a whole are referred to as abiotic factors.
  • Species refers to a collection of creatures that share characteristics such as how they live, mate, and produce offspring.
  • The distinction between population and species is that “population” refers to a group of individuals belonging to the same species and living in the same region.
  • Ecosystem: An ecosystem is a broad phrase that refers to all creatures that live in a group and interact with their physical environment.
  • Biodiversity is the variety of species that live in an ecosystem.
  • The term “biosphere” refers to the world’s ecosystems as a whole. Abiotic and biotic forces are intertwined. Each serves a vital part in maintaining the ecosystem’s equilibrium.

Any unlawful acts performed by biotic variables might have a significant impact not only on other biotic and abiotic factors, but also on the ecosystem as a whole. As a result, maintaining equilibrium is critical.


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Biotic and Abiotic Factors

Biotic factors comprises of living entities, in the ecosystem, whereas abiotic factors constitute the non-living organism that have an impact on the living entities. When an area in an ecosystem is not used, other organisms will reside in that habitat, thrive and reproduce according to the environmental condition.

These conditions are known as the abiotic factors. When there are various forms of organism in the environment, the actions of one species, will have an impact on the other organism. This is known as biotic factors. The major component of the freshwater ecosystem is the sun, which is source of light to plants, which are the producers.

However, light can be affected by various factors and the amount of time these ecosystem receive light vary and even its intensity. The factors are:

a) Altitude: There is seen a fall in the temperature, for sea level more than thousand meters. Height will also have impact on the amount of light reaching the ecosystem. Thus, determining which organism will reside.

b) Location: The amount of sunlight the equator gets is around 12 hours and the remaining hours, its dark. The latitudes obtains sunlight for 6 months and the remaining months are dark. Thus, having an effect on which organism will reside due to the variations.

c) Season: There are 4 types of season which exist; however, these seasons differ as the amount of light and heat is more in summer and less in winter. Thus, depending on which organism can tolerate varying climatic conditions.

d) Cloud Cover: this is a very important factor, as it will impact the amount of time where sunlight reaches the ecosystem and the duration as well. As organism require sunlight to prepare their food, through photosynthesis, sunlight is very vital to them.

e) Aspect: The amount of light which hits the water surface, is the angle of incidence. When the sun is up in the sky, more amount of light is absorbed by the water, directly, however, during the night time absorption occurs very little. Thus, depending on the sun and the time, aspect will vary.

Thus, these are the abiotic factors which will decide which organism will thrive and survive in the freshwater ecosystem. Along with which is used by organism for photosynthesis, it also provides temperature at which organisms survive. Thus, temperature plays a major role on the ecosystem and the organism thriving.

Aquatic organisms are thus called as ectotherms, as their body temperature is regulated as per the environment temperature. However, temperature has as impact on the density. If there is change in water density, which means animals in the freshwater environment will pertain less resistance.


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