Table of Contents Sucrose Definition Sucrose is a disaccharide with the molecular formula C12H22O11 that is produced by the combining of glucose and fructose in some plants (e.g. sugarcane); common…
Table of Contents Selective Breeding Definition Humans were selective breeding plants and animals thousands of years before Darwin hypothesised evolution by natural selection and Mendel established the laws of heredity.…
Table of Contents Pyrimidine Definition A heterocyclic aromatic molecule with a pyrimidine ring that is found in nucleic acids (such as DNA and RNA), proteins, starches, and other compounds. What…
Table of Contents Purine Definition Nucleic acids (e.g. DNA and RNA) and some alkaloids are heterocyclic aromatic compounds having a chemical structure consisting of an imidazole ring fused to a…
Table of Contents Metaphase Definition Metaphase may be a cell cycle stage that happens during both mitosis and meiosis cellular division. The chromosomes condense during metaphase in mitosis and meiosis,…
Table of Contents Oligosaccharides Definition Oligosaccharides are monosaccharide carbohydrate is smaller than a polysaccharide because it contains fewer monosaccharides. The name oligosaccharide comes from the Greek word oligosaccharides, which means…
Table of Contents Mannitol Definition Mannitol is a sugar alcohol with a sweetish flavour that occurs naturally in certain plants and algae and is chemically produced by reducing mannose for…
Table of Contents Maltose Definition Maltose is a structural unit of glycogen and starch; a reducing disaccharide, which is produced when two glucose monomers link together via α(1→4) glycosidic bond.…
Table of Contents Gene Regulation and Eukaryotic Gene Structure Because DNA is found in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes, translation can begin before transcription is completed. As a result, the majority…
Table of Contents Gene Definition Because a gene is made up of nucleotides (on a specific location on a chromosome) that are responsible for an organism's physical and heritable traits…
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